Indian Astrology.
Lecture 1
Ayanamsa (precession)
In India, several astrological systems are used. We will consider the most popular one, called PARASARA, named after its founder. The word itself means “The Higher Path.”
The calculation of planetary positions is based on the sidereal or fixed Zodiac, which is closer to the actual constellation map: the boundaries of the signs are determined with consideration of the AYANAMSA, i.e., precession. This differs from the tropical Zodiac used in Western astrology, where the counting of signs begins from the vernal equinox point regardless of its location. Indians call this system SAYANA. Their system, where the counting of signs is always done from one fixed star (Revati, Zeta Pisces), they call NIRĀYANA.
The size of ayanamsa or precession is considered by T. Braha to be 48 seconds per year or 7’57” over 10 years. However, he notes that different authors provide varying values. For example, the ayanamsa values for January 1, 1951, are given as follows:
Roman Ayer Lahiri Feigan-Bradley
1.1.50 21°42′ 23°02′ 23°09′ 24°02′
Why does this happen? “The date when both Zodiacs coincided,” writes Raman, “is not precisely known, so the ayanamsa value fluctuates between 19° and 23°. The star that marked the starting point has either been forgotten or has faded, though some take it as Zeta Pisces… To avoid burdening the reader with technical details of the ongoing debate on the precession of the equinoxes, we offer a simple method for calculating ayanamsa.
Calculating ayanamsa for individuals born in a given year CE:
1) Subtract 397 (the presumed epoch of the coincidence of the two Zodiacs) from the birth date;
2) Multiply the remainder by 50 1/3 seconds and convert it into degrees and minutes.
In India, special ephemerides are published where planetary positions are given in the sidereal Zodiac, for example:
Swamikannu Pillai (Diwan Bahadur LD Swamikannu Pillai). Panchang and Horoscope of The Indian Calendar and Indian Astrology. -Asian Educational Services, New Delhi 1985.
We, however, will need to recalculate. This can be done by creating a list of planets, recalculating each position separately, or roughly subtracting 23° from the longitude of the planets. Alternatively, a circle with zodiac signs can be drawn on transparent paper and overlaid onto the usual cosmogram, shifting it by the value of precession. It should be noted that in India, only seven planets are considered, from the Sun to Saturn, plus Rahu and Ketu.
Rāśis (Signs)
In India, the chart is drawn in a rectangular format. The signs are arranged clockwise. The names of the signs and planets are written on the chart in full or abbreviated form:
———–T———–T———–T———-¬
PI AR TA GE GE
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
+———-+———–+———–+———-+
AQ CN CN
¦ ¦ in the center of the chart, its type is indicated, as well as the ¦ ¦
+———-+ person’s name and birth data. +———-+
¦ CA ¦ ¦ LE ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
+———-+———–T———–+———-+
SA SC SC LI VI VI
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
L———-+———–+———–+———–
Next, we place the planets in the chart and mark the AS, called Lagna. The lagna then becomes the cusp of the 1st house. In Indian astrology, only equal houses are used, each 30 degrees.
Some astrologers consider lagna not the cusp but the midpoint (15 degrees) of the 1st house, meaning the house boundaries are ±15 degrees from the longitude of the AS. However, we will adhere to the first rule.
The lagna (AS) is marked with a diagonal line in the corresponding square of the cosmogram.
When the birth time is unknown or insufficiently accurate, Indian astrologers use Chandra Lagna instead of Lagna: the cusp of the 1st house is taken as the longitude of the Moon (Chandra in Sanskrit means “Moon”), and the remaining houses are measured from it in 30-degree increments.
The signs in Indian astrology have their own names and meanings, which differ somewhat from the European ones. Over time, these differences will increase due to precession, as the boundaries of Indian signs diverge further from the European ones. However, the meanings of the signs for chart interpretation are minor, so we will not discuss them here. Information on them can be found in the literature, for example:
Ayer BAK Everyday Astrology. Practical Guide To Indian & Western Astrology. 1958. DB Taraporevala Sons & Co. Private Ltd. 22nd Edition 1976.
Sthāna Bala (planetary strengths)
Now let’s check the strengths of the planets in the resulting cosmogram. These strengths are called Sthāna Bala in Sanskrit, meaning “positional strength,” and their classification differs somewhat from the European one.
The planets in the table are arranged in ascending order of their “brightness” (Naisargika Bala), or the strength of their light as imagined by the Indians. In their view, the least bright planet was Saturn, and the brightest was Ketu.
————————————————————————->
planet uccha mūlatrikoṇa svakṣetra niçhā |
exaltation higher third own house fall |
||
Saturn 20 Libra 0-20 Aquarius 20-30 Aquarius, 0-30 Cancer 20 Aries |
Mars 28 Cancer 0-12 Aries 12-30 Aries, 0-30 Scorpio 28 Gemini |
Mercury 15 Virgo 16-20 Virgo 20-30 Virgo, 0-30 Gemini 15 Pisces |
Jupiter 5 Cancer 0-5 Capricorn 5-30 Capricorn, 0-30 Pisces 5 Aries |
Venus 27 Pisces 0-20 Libra 20-30 Libra, 0-30 Taurus 27 Virgo |
Moon 3 Taurus 3-30 Taurus 0-30 Cancer 3 Scorpio |
Sun 10 Aries 0-20 Leo 20-30 Leo 10 Libra |
Rahu Virgo, Gemini – – Cancer, Leo |
Ketu Virgo, Gemini – – Cancer, Leo |
L———————————————————————
The best position is considered to be ucca (exaltation). Very good, though weaker than ucca, is mūlatrikoṇa, “the highest third.” Simply good is svakṣetra, one’s own house. Niçhā, or fall, is considered a weak position. Detriment (or exile) is not recognized in Indian astrology.
Unlike Western astrology, Mercury’s exaltation is in Virgo, not Aquarius. Rahu and Ketu are not planets per se, so they do not have a full list of strengths. However, they exalt in Mercury’s signs and fall in the signs of the luminaries.
When constructing Indian charts, it is advisable to first create a table noting the strengths of the planets.
Bhāvas (Houses)
Similarly, a house chart or the first working chart, called LAGNA KUNDALĪ (house chart by AS) from Sanskrit “ring,” “circle,” comparable to Kundalini, is constructed.
———–T———–T———–T———-¬
12 1 2 3 3
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
+———-+———–+———–+———-+
11 4 4 11
¦ ¦ LAGNA KUNDALĪ ¦ ¦
+———-+ +———-+
10 05.05.1955/10:30 5 5
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
+———-+———–T———–+———-+
9 8 8 7 6 6
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
L———-+———–+———–+———–
The houses counted from the AS are called Bhāvas in Sanskrit. As already mentioned, each house is 30 degrees. The meanings of the houses are generally similar to the Western ones, though they differ in some aspects.
Indians divide the houses into several categories.
By position in the chart:
Angular houses (I, IV, VII, X) are called KENDRAS (from Sanskrit “center”).
Trine houses from the 1st house, V and IX, are called TRIKONAS
are considered the best houses of the horoscope.
They also distinguish UPA-CHHAYA — “houses of growth” (III, VI, X, XI) and
Dusthana — “evil houses” (VI, VIII, XII). What this means, we will see
later.
Philosophical aspect:
I, V, IX — houses of dharma. Dharma in Hinduism is
the order of life, the establishment of moral principles and social rules. A person,
fulfilling their dharma, after death enters the Kingdom of the gods, not
fulfilling it — goes to hell.
II, VI, X — houses of artha. This is public activity,
aimed at acquiring benefits and wealth. In the treatise
“Arthashastra” (4th century BCE) it is said that material goods
are the foundation of religion and sensual pleasures (moksha and kama).
III, VII, XI — houses of kama. This is pleasure, especially
love and sensual desire.
IV, VIII, XII — houses of moksha. In Hinduism, this
denotes the salvation of the soul, freeing it from further rebirths,
its union with Brahman, and the fulfillment of one’s karma.
“The previous is always more important,” it is said in the Kama Sutra: “Artha
is more important than kama, since the latter becomes possible only with
the help of artha; and dharma is even more important, for only it makes
artha possible.”
Practical significance:
I Tanubhava (Sanskrit “house of the body”): physique,
behavior, character;
II Dhanabhava (house of wealth): property, income, family
budget; cause of death (see maraka);
III Bhratribhava (house of brothers): intellect; also brothers and
sisters;
IV Sukhabhava (house of joy): general success, education;
parental home; mother; means of transportation. In a female horoscope
it also denotes sexual life.
V Putrabhava (house of children): success, fame; children;
VI Satrubhava (house of difficulties): debts, poverty, enemies;
illnesses;
VII Kalatrabhava (house of the wife): marriage; death (see maraka); in
a female horoscope it also denotes beauty;
VIII Ayurbhava (house of vitality): lifespan,
health, abilities (talents); real estate. In a female horoscope —
the life of the husband;
IX Dharmabhava (house of dharma, see above): god, guru, father,
travels; faith. In a female horoscope — children;
X Karmabhava (house of karma, see above), also Madhya Lagna or
Dasama Bhava: profession, philosophical reflections; karma;
XI Labhabhava (house of profit): acquisitions, winnings;
XII Vrijabhava (house of enmity): losses, moksha (see above).
Grahas (planets)
Indian astrologers prefer to work with nine planets:
the seven classical ones, from the Sun to Saturn, plus the lunar nodes, the North and
South, known as Rahu and Ketu. They are, of course, aware of the existence of
Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, but prefer not to use them.
They also have fictitious planets, which some astrologers calculate, though by far
not all.
Planets involved in any horoscopic situations are called karakas (literally “executors”).
Planets responsible for death (rulers of the houses of death, II and VII)
are called marakas.
Below, the planets are listed in order of increasing strength.
1. Sun: Ravi or Surya. Ravi is one of the names of the Sun in
Vedic mythology. Surya is the son of Dyaus and Aditi. Dyaus Pita (cf.
Zeus Pater, Dies Piter = Jupiter) is the god of the sky, the great ancestor. Aditi is
the eldest daughter of Brahma, the goddess of eternity and light. In the horoscope, it is
PITRU KARAKA, an indicator of the father (in daytime birth; for nighttime birth, see Venus).
It also signifies the soul, gold, fame, and rulership.
2. Moon: Chandra or Soma. As we can see, the Moon is considered in
India to be stronger than the Sun. The word Chandra, “lunar,” is an epithet of the Moon god Soma.
Soma abducted Tara, the wife of Brihaspati (the god of the planet Jupiter), which
led to a war. Soma and Tara had a son, Budha (Mercury). The same name
was given to a drink used in ritual drinking and offerings to the gods (in Persia — haoma). In the horoscope, it is MATRU KARAKA, an indicator of the mother (in nighttime birth; for daytime birth, see Venus). It also signifies the body (mind), silver, and milk.
3. Venus: Shukra, “the Bright One,” an epithet of the Venus god Brihaspati
(all planetary gods in Indian astrology are male). He was considered the son of Bhrigu,
a god of the Prajapati lineage, the priest of demons (Bali and Daityas). In the horoscope, it is
KALATRA KARAKA, an indicator of the husband. In daytime birth, it is also
an indicator of the mother. It can also signify various women, love intrigues, art,
jewelry, and trade.
4. Jupiter: Guru, “the Teacher.” The god Brihaspati, son of Angiras.
A priest of the gods: initially a purely priestly deity, the prototype
of Brahma, later the god of eloquence (then called Bhispati or
Vachaspati). His wife Tara was abducted by Soma, and Brihaspati, along with other
gods, rescued her. In the horoscope, it is PUTRA KARAKA, an indicator of children.
It also signifies an elder brother, honors, priesthood, and jnana
(knowledge).
5. Mercury: Budha. It is clear that this is Buddha,
“the Enlightened One”: in Sanskrit, both names are written and pronounced
the same, but in Russian translations they are usually distinguished. Moreover,
“Buddha” is more correct in terms of pronunciation. In Vedic
mythology, he is the same abducted son of Soma and Tara (the Moon god and his
wife). Parallels here are quite recognizable: many authors point to the astrological
similarity of Mercury to the Moon, on the one hand, and to Jupiter on the other.
In the horoscope, it is KARMA KARAKA, an indicator of profession (not directly related
to karma as such, which in Sanskrit is called karman). It can also signify a
maternal uncle or, conversely, a nephew. Additionally, it indicates education, business,
and abilities in oral and written speech.
6. Mars: Mangala or Kuja, also Angaraka. Identified with
the war god Karttikeya. In the horoscope, it is BHRATRU KARAKA, an indicator of
siblings. It can also indicate a younger brother; in a female horoscope, it may
denote a husband or men in general. Additionally, it signifies wounds, accidents, and weapons.
7. Saturn: Sani (Shani). The deity of this planet is depicted as a
person with dark (black) skin, dressed in dark clothing (one may recall the Ethiopian
legend that Moses was a black man). It is considered the son of the Sun and his servant Chaya.
Chaya (“Shadow”): Sanjna, the wife of the Sun-Surya, could not bear
an heir and once sent Chaya in her place to the bedroom.
The Sun, thinking it was Sanjna, conceived three children with her
(Sani, Savarna, and Tapati).
In the horoscope, it is AYUR KARAKA, an indicator of life and health. It can
also signify authority, wealth, long life, but also grumbling and unsociability. In
nighttime birth, it indicates the father.
Aprakasha Grahas or shadow planets
Next come Rahu and Ketu, the Head and Tail of the Dragon, the North and
in Gemini and Virgo (Buddhi’s domicile) and poorly in Cancer and Leo (Chandra’s and Surya’s domicile).Indian astrologers read everything that their European colleagues read from the trans-Saturnian planets in Rahu and Ketu—and, in addition, much more. An Indian astrologer can tell everything or almost everything about a person based solely on the position of the Head and Tail of the Dragon—even without considering their aspects to other planets.
8. Rahu. In Vedic literature—Svarbhanu, the eclipse demon, the primal ancestor of comets and meteors. “Mind without strength.” “Eight black horses drive the twilight chariot of Rahu,” it is said in the Vishnu Purana. This is a symbol of the mundane world, our everyday life. In the horoscope—MATRHAMAH KARAKA (affinity through the female line). Indicates the development of the mind (intellect). It can also denote a grandfather.
9. Ketu (the rear, deprived of mind but armed with a weapon—a jagged tail) part of the serpentine demon. It is said in the Vishnu Purana: “Eight horses of Ketu’s chariot, swift as the wind, the color of dark red lacquer or smoke from burning straw.” A symbol of the otherworldly, mountainous world. In the horoscope—PITHAMAH KARAKA (affinity through the male line). Indicates the development of intuition, djna. It can also denote a grandmother.
For more details on the meanings of the planets in each sign or house of the Indian cosmogram, refer to the book: Hopke T. Vedic Astrology. Kyiv, 1992.
Het Monster. Indian Astrology.
Lecture 2
Lunar Zodiac
The Moon in Indian astrology is given very great importance, as we will see repeatedly. Therefore, in India, alongside the solar zodiac, the lunar zodiac is actively used—a system of lunar stations or nakshatras. The lunar stations were also used by the Arabs, and later by the Europeans. In European literature, they are often (and incorrectly) called “lunar houses” or “lunar mansions” (see, for example: A. Volgin. Lunar Astrology. Voronezh, 1992).
NAKSHATRA (from Sanskrit “constellation, star”): a lunar station in Indian astrology. There are 27 stations, each spanning 13°20’ (or, more rarely, 28 stations of 12°51’26”). The Arabs and Mongols preferred to work with 28 stations, but we will use the first system (27 stations)—not only because it is easier to calculate, but also because it underpins another important system, navamsa.
NAVAMSA (from Sanskrit “one ninth”): the division of the zodiacal circle into segments of 3°20’ each, one of the vargas accepted in Indian astrology. These quarters of nakshatras are sometimes also called padas (“steps”). Nine navamsas correspond to one sign (30°). In Tom Hopke’s book Vedic Astrology, the meanings of not only the nakshatras but also each navamsa are provided. This book can be used, although the names of the stars there are mixed up, and the translation is generally poor in places.
Each nakshatra bears the name of one of the fixed stars located in that region of the sky. How did the ordinary zodiac form? From observations of the Sun. Going outside at the beginning of a new lunar month, a person believed that the Sun had changed its “residence,” moved into a new “house,” and found a new station. Similarly, with the lunar zodiac: going outside at the beginning of each new solar day, a person saw that the Moon had moved to a new station belonging to one star or star cluster or another.
Indian meanings of the lunar stations (nakshatras) and European descriptions of the character of their “lords”—the fixed stars—do not always coincide. Therefore, since we are dealing with Indian astrology, we will not analyze the character of the fixed stars themselves. Those interested can refer to the book: Ebertin R., Hoffmann G. Die Bedeutung der Fixsterne. Aalen, 1969; Russian edition under the guidance of Alexander Zaraev: Ebertin-Hoffmann. Fixed Stars. Moscow, 1992. The translation, however, is also poor and sometimes outright erroneous, so it is better to use the original.
Just as in the ordinary zodiac the position of the Sun is considered (for example, Sun in Aries means the person is an “Aries”), in the lunar zodiac the position of the Moon is considered: Moon in Ashwini, therefore, the person has the corresponding temperament traits. Nakshatras are also used to verify the positions of the Sun and the Ascendant (as in European astrology, where the positions of the Ascendant and Moon are checked), but the most important is still the lunar or JANMA NAKSHATRA (from Sanskrit janman, “birth place”).
Navamsas
Navamsas are used to calculate the next, second working chart: a planet that falls into a particular navamsa is transferred to one of the signs of the new cosmogram corresponding to the number of its navamsa. The recalculation is done for all planets, including the Lagna (Ascendant). The planets in the navamsa chart (NAVAMSHA KUNDALI) can be arranged using a table or by counting. The counting of signs follows these rules:
– for planets in fire signs—from Aries
– for planets in earth signs—from Capricorn
– for planets in air signs—from Libra
– for planets in water signs—from Cancer
For example, if Venus in the natal chart occupies 18°45’ Taurus, this corresponds to the sixth navamsa. Taurus is an earth sign, so when counting from Capricorn (taken as the 1st sign), Venus in the new cosmogram (navamsa chart) falls into the sign of Gemini (the degree is not considered here).
In the navamsa chart, the dignity of planets is also checked: exaltation, mulatrikona, domicile, fall. If 4–5 planets in the navamsa chart fall into a favorable position (better than in the natal chart), this improves the natal horoscope. If their position is worse than in the natal chart, it worsens the predictions.
If a planet in the navamsa falls into the same sign where it was in the natal chart, its qualities are strengthened (a good position becomes even better, and a bad one—even worse). Such a planet is called in Sanskrit vargottama (“highest varga”). We will say a little more about what a varga is later.
The navamsa chart is the second most important chart in Indian astrology. In India, they even say that someone who only makes a natal chart without calculating the navamsa is not an astrologer.
The navamsa chart shows a person’s attitude toward a partner. With some stretch, it can be regarded as a “partner’s horoscope,” that is, as a way to find out what kind of partner is most likely for this person. After all, as a rule, a person receives what they expect. Based on this, advice can be given: if a person has already encountered problems, they can be guided on what to improve in themselves to achieve harmonious relations with a partner; if there is no partner yet, advice can be given on how to choose one and how to behave with them.
In India, great importance is attached to partnerships, marriage, and family. Even today, almost all marriages in India are arranged only after consultation with an astrologer. The astrologer, of course, conducts a very detailed analysis of both partners’ charts. But this can be read in the literature; we will consider only one more method—very simple but effective.
Kujadosha
KUJA — one of the names of Mars. The term Kuja-Dosha means “misfortune” or “deficiency of Mars” in Sanskrit: it is, as it were, a compatibility check for partners based on their shortcomings. The logic here is clear: if partners share similar flaws, they are more likely to understand each other, with the likelihood of conflict being minimal, although Kuja-Dosha is considered positive. Kuja-Dosha can also be negative if a person lacks relevant (significant) flaws. Therefore, a stable marriage usually occurs between people with the same Kuja-Dosha (both positive or both negative).
Kuja-Dosha is positive (present) if:
Mars is in the 1st house (except in Aries)
Mars is in the 4th house (except in Scorpio)
Mars is in the 7th house (except in Capricorn or Pisces)
Mars is in the 8th house (except in Cancer)
Mars is in the 12th house (except in Sagittarius).
The position of Mars is calculated, of course, taking ayanamsa into account.
What happens when partners have different Kuja-Dosha? (By the way, in Sanskrit this word is masculine, but we are more accustomed to using it in the feminine form.)
In such cases, there is usually intense love and passion between them. However, as you understand, passion is not long-lasting and sooner or later fades away. Then the flaws of both partners come to the fore: their life turns into constant conflict, and the marriage typically falls apart.
People with the same Kuja-Dosha do not experience intense passion. Their feelings resemble more of a friendly attachment, which, however, only strengthens with time. In India, marriage is viewed as a very serious matter, so astrologers recommend that people marry not out of passion, but based on Kuja-Dosha to prevent the marriage from collapsing.
The compatibility of partners is also checked by comparing their nakshatras, that is, lunar mansions. To do this, they determine which nakshatra of the woman is counted from the nakshatra of the man (number N).
For example, if the man’s Moon is in Jyeshtha (the 18th nakshatra) and the woman’s Moon is in Pushya (the 8th nakshatra), the count in Indian astrology always starts from the nakshatra or house where the planet is located: Jyeshtha is taken as the first, and the count continues in a circle. The 8th nakshatra from Jyeshtha is the 11th. Thus, the number N in this case is 11.
Next, this number must be divided by nine:
11 ÷ 9 = 1 [with a remainder of 2]
The most important part of this calculation is the remainder. It is this that determines the nature of the marriage.
If the remainder is:
4, 6, or 0 — the marriage will be long and happy;
1, 2, or 8 — life will be difficult but tolerable;
3, 5, or 7 — the union is unsuccessful and will likely collapse.
This unique Indian synastry method also allows determining how many children the couple will have.
To do this, the number N is again taken, and the following is checked:
if N = 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, or 25 — the partners will have many children;
(if N = 13, they will, in addition, be happy and wealthy);
if N is any other number, there will be few children.
Vargas
The word VARGA in Sanskrit means “caste.” Simplistically, a caste is a group of people who share a common trait distinguishing them from others. In astrology, it has a similar meaning: a group of charts constructed according to a specific principle, distinguishing them from others. In Europe, such charts are called harmonics.
The principle of harmonics is simple: each sign is divided into a certain number of parts, and planets falling into one part or another are transferred to a specific sign in the new chart.
The first and simplest division is 1/1: the natal chart, in Indian astrology called the Lagna Kundali. We began with it. The second is the Navamsa Kundali, a 1/9 division.
Naturally, the number of such divisions can increase indefinitely. In India, a system of 16 Vargas is commonly used.
Beginners, as well as European astrologers, can use a system of 7 Vargas (Sapta Vargadja Bala, “Strength in Seven Vargas” — marked with asterisks).
Each varga is thus a new horoscope that reveals in detail a specific aspect of the natal horoscope.
Calculating Vargas is, of course, labor-intensive: it is no wonder that poor American amateur astrologer Tom Hopke writes: “…not many people in the modern era have the intellect to read 16 tables simultaneously.” However, it is no more difficult than compiling a regular European horoscope. So, I think we can prove that our intellect is in no way inferior to that of our Indian colleagues. Moreover, there is usually no need to calculate all 16 Vargas: it is sufficient to calculate the one that seems most important at the moment.
* 1. Rasi (ordinary signs) 1/1 natal chart
* 2. Hora 1/2 masculine/feminine nature
* 3. Drekkana 1/3 siblings
4. Chaturthamsa (Turyamsa) 1/4 education
* 5. Saptamsa 1/7 children
* 6. Navamsa 1/9 relationship with a partner
7. Dasamsa 1/10 profession
* 8. Dvadamsa 1/12 parents
9. Shodasamsa 1/16 travel, in general changes
10. Vimsamsa 1/20 scientific and spiritual achievements
11. Chaturvimsamsa (Siddhamsa) 1/24 education, academic degrees
12. Saptavimsamsa (Bhamsa) 1/27 strength and health
*13. Trimsamsa 1/30 (only for marital horoscopes)
14. Khavedamsa (Svadvedamsa) 1/40 percentage of good and evil in life
15. Akshavedamsa (Aksha Vedamsa) 1/45 general success
16. Shashtiamsa 1/60 the same, in more detail
The principle of calculating Vargas is clear. If you wish, we can briefly examine the technical details of the calculation; other details can be found in the literature.
2. Hora: each sign is divided in half to determine whether a person has the strength of a masculine or the softness of a feminine nature. The first halves of masculine signs (Aries, Gemini, Leo, Libra, Sagittarius, Aquarius) and the second halves of feminine signs (Taurus, Cancer, Virgo, Scorpio, Capricorn, Pisces) are considered masculine (subordinate to the Sun). A list of planets is compiled, and it is observed where more planets are located: in masculine or feminine Vargas. Rahu and Ketu in this case occupy a subordinate position, meaning they adopt the “gender” of the sign’s ruler where they are located.
3. Drekkana is closely related to trines (trinal houses from the 1st, 5th, and 9th): each sign is divided into three parts (decans). If a planet is in the first decan, it remains in the same sign. If in the second, it is transferred to the fifth sign from it (its own sign, remember, is taken as the “first”). If in the third, it is transferred to the ninth sign from it. Drekkana indicates the fate of siblings.
4. Turiyamsa or Chaturthamsa: see the table. The movement of planets through the table creates the Turiyamsa or Chaturthamsa Kundali, which reveals a person’s attitude toward learning, their abilities, and problems in this area.
5. Saptamsa: the division of a sign into seven parts (4°17′ each). A new cosmogram is constructed. Planets in odd signs (Aries, Gemini, Leo, etc.) are transferred to the sign corresponding to their saptamsa number from their own sign. For planets in even signs (Taurus, Cancer, Virgo, etc.), the count is made from the opposite sign (Taurus = Libra, etc.). This varga shows the well-being of children.
6. Navamsa: see above.
7. Dasamsa: the “horoscope of profession,” success in a chosen field or area of activity. A planet is transferred to the sign corresponding to its dasamsa number from its own sign. For planets in odd signs, the count is made from their own sign; for planets in even signs, from the ninth sign.
8. D a d a s a m s a: “parents’ horoscope.” Each sign is divided into 12 parts of 2°30′ each. A planet is transferred to the sign corresponding to the number of its daśāṃśa from itself.
9. Sh o d a s a m s a: travels, general changes, or hidden desires for change. The sign is divided into 16 parts of 1°52.5′. A planet is transferred to the sign corresponding to the number of its śodāśāṃśa from itself. For planets in Aries, Cancer, Libra, or Capricorn, the count starts from Aries; for planets in Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, or Aquarius, from Leo; for planets in Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius, or Pisces, from Sagittarius.
10. V i m s a m s a: the sign is divided into 20 parts of 1°30′. The same transfer rules apply as in point 9. It shows abilities for spiritual growth; for scholars, success in scientific research.
11. S i d d h a m s a or Chaturviṃśāṃśa: division into 24 parts (1°15′). Promotion, as Americans say: higher education degrees and the ability to use one’s opportunities. The usual transfer rules apply (20th sign from itself). For planets in odd signs, the count starts from Leo; in even signs, from Cancer.
12. S a p t a v i m s a m s a or Bhāṃśa: division into 27 parts (1°06′). Counting starts from itself. Indicator of strength and health.
13. T r i m s a m s a (Indian terms; the name comes from the fact that “the sum should be thirty” /Rāmaṇ/): calculated only for the female horoscope. Male (odd) signs are divided as follows: 0-5-10-18-25-30. Female (even) signs: 0-5-12-20-25-30. The rulers of the terms in male signs, in order, are: Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, Venus; in female signs, the reverse (from Venus to Mars). It is considered whose term each planet is in. It is believed, for example, that if Venus in the bride’s chart is in Mars’ term, she is not a virgin when married.
14. S v a z a d a m s i (Khavedaṃśa): division into 40 parts (0°45′), an indicator of luck (predominance of good or evil in the horoscope). For planets in odd signs, the count starts from Aries; in even signs, from Libra.
15. A k s h a v i d a m s i: division into 45 parts (0°40′): indicator of overall success. The count is the same as in śodāśāṃśa (point 9).
16. Sh a s h t h a m s a: division into 60 parts, half a degree each.
Summary
After calculating one or more vargas, it is recommended to compile a table of planets (including Rāhu, Ketu, and Lagna) and planetary strengths to check how many times a planet falls into favorable or unfavorable positions, how many times it is in the same sign as in the natal chart, to determine which planet is stronger and which is weaker. To simplify the calculation, each position can be assigned its own “points,” e.g., ucca “in point” = 3, simple ucca = 2, mūlatrikoṇa = 2, svakṣetra = 1, simple neutral = -1, nīcha “in point” = -3. The argala can also be given 3 “points.”
Het Monster. Indian Astrology.
Lecture 3.
Planets and Aspects.
The concept of aspects in Indian astrology exists but differs from the European one.
First, when calculating aspects, Indian astrology considers only the planet’s position in a sign or house, ignoring degrees and minutes (with rare exceptions). Thus, two planets in the same sign or house are already considered in conjunction, even if one is in the first degree and the other in the last.
Therefore, an aspect can span nearly thirty degrees. For a European astrologer who has never used orbs larger than 15 degrees (and modern American astrology does not recognize orbs larger than 5 degrees), this seems striking. However, Indian astrologers have their own logic.
We know that a planet’s influence does not appear abruptly but accumulates gradually, and it also diminishes gradually. By choosing an orb, we set a certain “sensitivity threshold” beyond which the planet’s influence becomes relevant (significant). This threshold depends on the specific situation: for event calculation, it makes sense to use smaller orbs, while for character analysis, larger ones are appropriate.
Indian astrologers do the same. For static analysis (character), they use a kind of maximum orb to account for all possible meanings of a planet, its entire influence. Later, they adjust it according to the specific situation.
When calculating events (dynamics), they also use something like orbs, but this will be discussed in the next lecture.
Having understood the fundamental essence of the Indian approach to orbs, let us move on to aspects themselves. Simplifying, Indian astrology distinguishes two types of aspects: the relationship of planets to houses and signs (Dṛṣṭi), and the relationship of planets to each other (Yoga). The first is called Dṛṣṭi, the second—Yoga. (Tom Hopkins writes more about yogas because they are more similar to European aspects, and much less about dṛṣṭis.)
However, before discussing dṛṣṭi in detail, let us examine a few more planetary positions.
Dik Bala (“directional strength”)
The “strength” or influence of a planet can increase or decrease depending on the house it occupies. This is called Dik Bala—directional strength. It is believed that:
– Jupiter and Mercury are strongest in the 1st house;
– Sun and Mars are strongest in the 10th house;
– Venus and Moon are strongest in the 4th house;
– Saturn is strongest in the 7th house (the house of death).
Kendras (angular houses)
Among the houses, some are grouped into special categories. We briefly discussed this in the first lecture. For a planet’s strength or influence, its position in the KENDRAS (angular houses I, IV, VII, X) and its relationship to them are also important.
Not all Kendras are equal: they differ, just as kingdoms, duchies, counties, and simple estates do. It is believed that:
– the ruler of the 10th house is the strongest; next in descending order are:
– the ruler of the 7th house,
– the ruler of the 4th house, and
– the ruler of the 1st house.
Additionally, as Bṛhaspati says, “benefic planets, being rulers of Kendras, gain negative potential and the ability to cause harm; malefic planets, being rulers of Kendras, gain positive potential and the ability to do good.”
Benefic planets
The division of planets into “malefic” and “benefic” is, as you understand, conditional, especially since different authors describe it differently. However, it generally does not differ much from the European division.
By their nature, Jupiter, Venus, well-aspected Mercury, and the waxing Moon are considered benefic. The Sun, Mars, Saturn, poorly aspected Mercury, and the waning Moon are considered malefic. Rāhu and Ketu are neutral.
However, in this case, it is more important for us to consider the influence of planets based not on their inherent nature but on their position in the horoscope.
In this context, the following are considered benefic (positive, favorable):
– the ruler of the Lagna (the sign where the Ascendant is);
– rulers of Kendras if they are malefic planets;
– rulers of Trikonas (discussed below).
Trikonas (trine houses)
Trikonas, as we know, are the houses trine to the first: the 5th and 9th. Their significance also varies: the 9th house is considered the best, followed by the 5th, with the 1st house in third place. Accordingly, the influence of their rulers is distributed.
Upachayas (growth houses)
Upachayas are the 3rd, 6th, 10th, and 11th houses. A planet ruling an Upachaya acquires a slight negative “tinge.”
may cause minor troubles. However, “evil” planets,
being in the Upachaya houses, create good. “Good” planets,
being in these houses, occasionally present the person withsmall pleasant surprises.
The strongest of the Upachaya is the 11th house. The rest follow in descending order:
10th
6th
3rd
Why are they called “growth houses”? This is more about
transits: active planets passing through these houses temporarily
gain strength. During such periods, a person can change many
circumstances corresponding to these houses in their natal chart.
Dusthanas (“evil houses”)
Dusthanas are the 6th, 8th, and 12th houses. A planet—the ruler of a
Dusthana—acquires negative potential. It “sows evil wherever it
may be” (Braha).
A planet that falls into a Dusthana loses strength. The house it rules
is also afflicted.
Dusthanas also have a certain gradation: the 6th house and its ruler
are the least harmful of the three, since the 6th is also an Upachaya.
Next comes the 8th house, “moderate,” and the most harmful are
considered the 12th house and its ruler.
Marakas
Finally, let us return to the concept of Maraka. Marakas are the rulers
of the 2nd and 7th houses, the “death houses.” Their influence on life
manifests especially clearly if both are located in the 1st house of the
horoscope. In India, it is believed that a person dies during the period
or subperiod of the influence of one of the Marakas (dashas and bhuktis).
The only case when the ruler of the 2nd and 7th houses does not play
such a fatal role is when the Ascendant is in Aries: then Venus becomes
the Maraka, and as a benefic planet, it, on the contrary, protects the
person from dangers.
Drishti (positional aspects)
The following rule exists:
* All planets aspect the 7th house from themselves (opposition).
* Mars aspects the 4th and 8th houses from itself (trine-quincunx).
* Jupiter aspects the 5th and 9th houses from itself (trines).
* Saturn aspects the 3rd and 10th houses from itself (sextile-square).
The influence of a planet depends not so much on its own position in a
sign or house, but on the sign or house it aspects. Thus, a planet
aspecting its own sign (exaltation) becomes stronger in any case, and if
it aspects a neutral house, its strength decreases.
Rahu and Ketu themselves do not cast aspects, meaning, for example,
that Rahu does not aspect a certain house. They can only receive
aspects, thus participating mainly in yogas.
The drishtis listed above work “at full strength.” This means that in
the indicated houses, the influence of the planet is felt most strongly.
However, it is clear that the listed planets, on the one hand, aspect
other houses, and on the other, other planets aspect houses not listed
above, though not as strongly. Let us list these aspects:
* At three-quarters strength, all planets (except Mars) aspect the 4th
and 8th houses from themselves;
* At half strength, planets (except Jupiter) aspect the 5th and 9th
houses from themselves;
* At one-quarter strength, planets (except Saturn) aspect the 3rd and
10th houses from themselves.
“Evil” planets
Thus, the following are considered “evil” (harmful, negative) planets:
– rulers of the 3rd, 6th, and 11th houses, and
– rulers of Kendras if these are benefic planets.
The rulers of the 2nd and 12th houses are considered rather neutral,
since their influence depends much more on yoga-aspects. The same is
said about the ruler of the 8th house, because, although it is “bad” in
itself, it does not worsen the meaning of either yogas or drishtis.
Yogas
In Vedic astrological literature, countless yogas are described. There is
a well-known book:
Raman VB 300 Important Combinations. Bangalore 1978.
It is also available in (pirated) Russian translation, but I recommend
reading it in English. The language there is not difficult, and the
translation, as always, is terrible. The description of yogas in Tom
Hopkins’ book “Vedic Astrology” is presented quite intelligently (and
not so poorly translated).
To understand what Indians mean by yoga-aspects, let us list some of
them.
Budhaditya yoga: Mercury, which has overtaken the Sun by more than 8
degrees (one of the rare cases where degrees play a role) and is in the
same sign as the Sun, gives exceptional intelligence.
Kalasarpa yoga: all planets located to the right of the line connecting
Rahu and Ketu create problems in life. Such an aspect was present in
V.I. Lenin’s chart: in the position of Kalasarpa yoga, he had Saturn,
which meant eternal incompleteness of scientific works (out of all his
writings, only the “Philosophical Notebooks” were scientific, while the
rest were publicistic) and a slight chance of reaching a peaceful old
age.
Lakshmi yoga: the Moon overtaking Mars (i.e., being in the same sign
but having a greater longitude) brings good prosperity. So are called
planets occupying the 2nd, 6th, 8th, or 12th houses. They have the
same meaning.
Gajakesari yoga: Jupiter in a lunar Kendra (i.e., one of the angular
houses from the Moon) brings success and prosperity in any field.
Sakata yoga: the Moon in the 6th, 8th, or 12th house from Jupiter
brings misfortune and poverty.
Adhi yoga: all lunar Dusthanas (6th, 8th, and 12th houses from the
Moon) are occupied by benefic planets. This means a good character,
happiness, and prosperity.
Kemadruma yoga: the house preceding or following the one occupied by
the Moon (the 2nd or 12th lunar house) is empty (the Sun and
trans-Saturnian planets do not count): mental anguish and life difficulties.
Sunapha yoga: when at least one planet occupies the 2nd house from
the Moon, and
Anapha yoga: when at least one planet occupies the 12th house from
the Moon: on the contrary, they signify prosperity, happiness, and good
reputation.
Duradhura yoga: when planets occupy both of these houses (2nd and
12th from the Moon), the result is doubled.
Indians also believe that:
– the Moon in Aries is not as bad as the Moon in Scorpio;
– with a occupied or strong 3rd house, a person will spend a lot
(the house of desires);
– Venus conjunct Mars in a Kendra gives the head of a family, clan,
or community;
– men with Ascendant in Cancer or Leo marry women of the same age or
older;
– men with Ascendant in Gemini or Sagittarius marry younger women;
– Venus conjunct Saturn or Saturn in the 12th house from Venus gives
artistic talent;
– Venus and Jupiter conjunct Rahu lose most of their positive qualities
(the only exception is exalted Rahu);
– the ruler of the 12th house located in the 3rd house gives intuition
reaching clairvoyance;
– the Sun–Moon conjunction in a Kendra (from Lagna or from Chandra
Lagna) gives good organizational abilities;
– the Moon conjunct Ketu mainly indicates a spiritual life—and
fickleness of thoughts;
– any aspect between the Moon and Mercury also gives a rich spiritual
life (European astrologers believe that any such aspect primarily
indicates a nervous system affliction—which, however, is the same);
– if the ruler of the 11th house is retrograde, a person will miss
available opportunities;
– if both Marakas (rulers of the 2nd and 7th houses) are located in
one house, that house is considered afflicted;
– if Mars and Saturn aspect each other, the person has a technical
profession;
– Venus in the sign of Mars and/or Mars in the sign of Venus give
strong potency and desire;
– the Sun conjunct Mars gives danger from fire (this aspect is also
called Ungara yoga);
– the Moon or Ascendant in the last two degrees of a water sign
(Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces) is very dangerous for health.
After checking each planet by its position in the natal chart and other
divisional charts (vargas), it should also be examined through aspects, drishtis, and yogas.
To better understand the role of each planet in the
horoscope, it is also recommended to compile a table. The simplest
way is to calculate its value in points. For example, the following
“point” values can be suggested:
Trines of kendra
Ruler of IX X house 3 points
Ruler of V VII house 2
Ruler of I IV house 1.5
Ruler of – I house 1
Exaltation “in degree” 3
Simple exaltation 2
Mulatrikona 2
Sva-kshetra 1
Dik-bala 1
Aspect with the ruler of
a good house 1
Aspect with the ruler of
a bad house -1
Simple neecha 2
Neecha “in degree” 3
Ruler of the VI house of dusthana -1
-“- VIII house -2
-“- XII house -3
Such a table greatly helps to assess the significance of planets in the horoscope
as a whole and in each chart individually.
Het Monster. Indian Astrology. Lecture 4.
Forecasting (predictive astrology)
Indian astrology also knows many methods of forecasting, i.e., predicting the future.
The most common method is calculating planetary periods, i.e.,
dividing an individual’s lifetime into major and minor periods, each influenced by a
specific planet. A similar division exists in Western astrology, for example:
Age Element Age
0 – 18 Fire Childhood
18 – 28 Earth Youth
28 – 60 Air Maturity
60 and beyond Water Old age
or:
Age Ruler
0 – 4 Moon
4 – 9 Mercury
9 – 18 Venus
18 – 35 Sun
35 – 52 Mars
52 – 63 Jupiter
63 and beyond Saturn
Here, we note that Indians have a unique system in which they consider planets
(the seven classical ones plus Rahu and Ketu) each govern a specific year of life when their
energy is at its peak:
Jupiter 16th year (15-16)
Sun 22nd year (21-22)
Moon 24th year (23-24)
Venus 25th year (24-25)
Mars 28th year (27-28)
Mercury 32nd year (31-32)
Saturn 36th year (35-36)
Rahu 42nd year (41-42)
Ketu 48th year (47-48)
Dasa (planetary periods)
In India, these periods are called DASAS. There are several
systems for calculating dasas. The one we will examine is called
Vimshottari (from vimca, “twenty,” because the duration of the longest
dasa is 20 years). This system is described in the book:
Braha T. Ancient Hindu Astrology for the Modern Western
Astrologer. Hermetical Press, Miami 1986.
Dasas have varying durations and follow one another in a “circle”
in a specific order:
1. Ketu 7 years
2. Venus 20 years
3. Sun 6 years
4. Moon 10 years
5. Mars 7 years
6. Rahu 18 years
7. Jupiter 16 years
8. Saturn 19 years
9. Mercury 17 years, then Ketu again…
Unlike Europeans, who start counting periods from the moment
of birth, Indians believe that a person can be born at the beginning, in the
middle, or at the end of any of the nine dasas, from which the count begins.
If a person is born during Rahu dasa, for example, their next dasa will be
Jupiter’s, and so on. The birth dasa is determined by the position of the Moon, which
plays the most important role in Indian astrology. It can be found using tables
provided by T. Braha and Tom Hopkins in his “Vedic Astrology,” or calculated
independently. This is not too difficult.
The longitude of the Moon is known, as is the nakshatra. Each nakshatra is
also governed by a specific planet. The order of rulers is the same:
1. Ketu Ashwini
2. Venus Bharani
3. Sun Kritika
4. Moon Rohini
5. Mars Mrigashirsha
6. Rahu Ardra
7. Jupiter Punarvasu
8. Saturn Pushya
9. Mercury Ashlesha and so on.
We calculate how much time remains for the Moon until the end of the nakshatra, i.e., subtract
its longitude (including ayanamsa!) from the longitude of the “upper” boundary of the nakshatra and
convert it into percentages.
Knowing the duration of the dasa, we calculate how many years, months, and days
remain until its end, counting from the moment of birth.
We obtain the date when the next dasa begins. Any subsequent dasa will
also begin on the same day and month. If we make a mistake of a few days or even weeks,
it can be ignored: regarding the duration of the dasa, the error will be insignificant.
The significance of each dasa in a person’s life is determined not only by
its ruling planet but also by the planet’s position in the
natal horoscope. For example, if Saturn is the Lagna ruler in the Kundali, the ruler
of the 7th house, and is located in the 2nd house, then during Saturn dasa
the person will marry (7th house) and will focus heavily on managing their
financial affairs (2nd house).
Dasas always indicate major events, and a person may begin to feel their
approach or prepare for them several months before the start of a new dasa. In general, the
scale of events is determined by the position (dignity) of the dasa ruler in the
natal chart and other charts.Bhuktis (planetary sub-periods)
Dasas are divided into smaller periods—BHUKTIS.
Each dasa consists of nine bhuktis. The first bhukti in each
dasas is governed by the same ruling planet as the dasa itself. The order
of rulers remains the same.
In terms of duration, bhuktis are in the same proportion
to one another as the dasas. And since the duration of dasas also
varies, the duration of bhuktis naturally ranges from no more than six months to three years.
Bhuktis can be further divided into even smaller periods, but
we will not do so here.
The bhukti at birth can also be found in tables or
calculated independently using the same principle.
Bhuktis, of course, indicate events of a smaller scale
than dasas (though this also depends on the position of the rulers of both), or the
specific timing of events.
Considerations on Dasas and Bhuktis
* See which house the dasa ruler governs and how this
house relates to the Lagna—whether favorably or unfavorably.
* See whether the dasa ruler is placed in the house of an enemy or a friend.
* See whether the bhukti ruler is placed in the house of an enemy or a friend.
* If the planets governing the dasa and bhukti are friendly—
good; if they are hostile to each other—bad.
* If the dasa ruler ends up in the 6th, 8th, or 12th house from
the bhukti ruler (or vice versa), expect difficulties.
* If one ends up in the 5th or 9th house from the other—expect good fortune.
* If the dasa ruler is in conjunction (or
opposition) with the bhukti ruler, expect significant events (whether good or bad depends on other indicators).
* In the case of a receptive relationship between dasa and bhukti (the dasa ruler
in the Kundali Lagna is in the house of the bhukti ruler, and the latter is in its house),
remarkable events occur in the areas governed by both.
Lunar Transits
This system, unlike dasas and bhuktis, is much simpler and
more convenient. Moreover, it can be used in
Western astrological “everyday life” without complex
calculations or even determining ayanamsa. This is because this system focuses only on
the relative positions of planets to each other, not to
nakshatras or zodiac signs.
To calculate lunar transits, the system of lunar houses is used:
the cusp of the 1st house is taken as the position of the Moon in the natal chart,
the cusp of the 2nd house will be in the same degree of the next sign, and
so on.
Transits are calculated for the seven classical planets, from the Sun
to Saturn (more precisely, from the Moon to Saturn). Trans-Saturnian planets, as well as
Rahu and Ketu, are not taken into account. The positions of the transiting planets are simply
determined from the ephemeris for the date or period of life that interests us.
In this case, the following rules are taken into account:
1) A transit is considered active as long as the planet remains in its
“working zone.” Throughout its stay in the lunar mansion, only the Moon and Mercury
are active. The Sun and Mars act in its first third,
Venus and Jupiter act in the middle (10–20 degrees), and Saturn acts in the
last five degrees.
2) A transit is considered active if there is no VEDHA. Each
lunar mansion has its own “neutralizing house,” which is called Vedha. When it is occupied (positive Vedha), the transit
does not take effect, even if the planet is in its working zone. In
Western astrology, there are similar concepts: planets that neutralize a particular aspect (transit) are called
prohibitors.
Each planet has its own system. The presence of trans-Saturnian planets, Rahu and Ketu, and for the luminaries also Mercury (in
Moon transits) and Saturn (in Sun transits), is not taken into account.
Vedhas are recorded as fractions and read as follows:
Jupiter 2/12: Jupiter in the 2nd house operates if the 12th house is empty.
All this data (working zones, Vedhas, transit meanings)
is provided in the Appendix.
As is known, planets move across the sky at different speeds from the perspective of an Earth observer. Accordingly, the periods of lunar transits for each
planet cover different spans of time. In addition, taking into account
retrogradation, they may repeat.
Thus, transits of the heavy planets (Jupiter, Saturn) create a kind of
“general background” of events for a period of 1 to 3 years, Mars transits
characterize a period of about a month, and if Mars is retrograde, then
six months. Transits of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury span several days
or weeks, while Moon transits provide a description of the nearest (or any)
two days. The shorter the transit period, the more specific it is in
indicating the timing and nature of events.
This method is also good because it does not require an exclusively accurate
knowledge of the Ascendant. Its accuracy depends only on the position of the Moon, so
the main thing is to know the date of birth: even with an error of half a day (12
hours), the Moon will move only about seven degrees, which, when calculating events by
Mars, for example, will result in an error of two weeks, and by Jupiter – one and a half
months.
The method also helps to relatively easily rectify
the position of the Moon, and if necessary – the Ascendant: it is enough to simply ask
the querent when certain events occurred in their life to
determine the moment when the corresponding planet entered the “working
zone” and thereby adjust the Moon.
Thus, when working with a horoscope (even with a regular
Western chart), you can save a lot of time and effort by simply
finding out where the Moon is located in the chart and recalling, for example, where
Jupiter is currently transiting: Jupiter, which takes about a year to pass through one
zodiac sign (and one lunar mansion), immediately provides a general
characterization of the year as a whole: favorable or unfavorable, full of
changes or stable, and so on. Then, using other transits, both
Indian and Western, you can quickly form a sufficiently
complete picture.
Het Monster. Indian Astrology.
Appendix 1.
NAKSHATRAS (27 Lunar Mansions)
The list of nakshatras is given according to the system of Parasara (27 lunar mansions).
The boundaries of the lunar mansions are given taking into account ayanamsa (in the coordinates of
the sidereal Zodiac, i.e., the sidereal boundaries of Ashvini 0
00′ Aries – 13 20′ Aries correspond to the tropical (our, European)
23 40′ Aries – 7 03′ Taurus as of January 1, 1988). The coordinates
of the corresponding fixed stars are given in the European system (without
taking ayanamsa into account).
1. ASHWINI, Asvini (Ashvini): 0 00′ Aries – 13 20′ Aries. In Indian
mythology, it is a divine mare who gave birth to the two sons-Ashvins (deities of pre-dawn twilight, comparable to
Gemini) from the sun god Surya. In Western astrology – Sheratan. This nakshatra gives
an attractive appearance, intelligence, and often wealth or a love of wealth. Those born under it are loved by their
environment. They also have a small weakness: a love of adornments.
Moon in the 1st Navamsa of Ashvini (0 – 3 20′ Aries) in an overall
unfavorable horoscope may indicate a threat to the life of the native or their parents.
Sheratan (Sheratan, Arabic “Two Signs”): Beta Aries, 1988: 3 17′
Taurus.
2. BHARANI (from Sanskrit bhara – nourishment, sustenance?): 13 20′ Aries –
26 40′ Aries. The Indian name of the star is 35 Arietis. In Arabic – “Belly”,
the 2nd mansion (stars Delta, Epsilon, and Rho Arietis). It signifies a person
of honest and strong character, often wealthy, with robust health. They quickly
understand things, have a good memory, and often impress others with their erudition.
3. KRITTIKA (Krittika): 26 40′ Aries – 10 00′ Taurus. The Indian
name for the Pleiades, personified as six apsaras – celestialnymphs, masters of music and dance. The name comes from the name of the war god Karttikeya, who in childhood was raised by six
apsaras, which is why he had six heads. It signifies a love of
good food and other sensual pleasures, a tendency to deceive, and connections in high society. However, such a person also possesses great
physical strength and endurance.
Pleiades (Latin Plejades): a star cluster in the constellation Taurus; in
Hebrew – Hima, in Arabic – Thuraya. According to one legend, these are the seven
daughters of the Titan Atlas: Electra, Alcyone, Celaeno, Maia, Sterope,
Taygeta, and Merope. Pursued by the hunter Orion, they turned to the gods for
help, and the gods transformed the sisters first into doves and then into
stars. The brightest star in the Pleiades is Alcyone.
Alcyone (Alcyone): Eta Tauri, 1988: 0 30′ Taurus.
4. ROHINI (Rohini, Sanskrit): 10 00′ Taurus – 23 20′ Taurus. “The red
cow,” in Indian mythology, is the daughter of Daksha and one of the wives of the sage
Kashyapa, the progenitor of all horned creatures. The name of the star
is Aldebaran (see). The same name is given to the entire constellation Taurus. Comparable to “the red heifer” in Hebrew (Numbers, ch. 19), which was sacrificed as
a purification offering. In the Quran, it changed color, turning from red
(“adumah,” Hebrew) to yellow (Quran 2:63/64). Individuals born under this nakshatra are distinguished by an open character, honesty, and
reliability; they willingly help not only friends but also all
those in need.
Aldebaran (Arabic “The Follower /of the Pleiades/, ” Latin
Aldebaran): Alpha Tauri, “The Eye of the Bull.” 1988: 9 35 Gemini.
5. MRIGASHIRSHA (Mrigashirsha, Sanskrit “deer-headed”): 23 20′ Taurus
– 6 40′ Gemini. Lambda Orionis and the nearby nebula. In
Arabic – “Circle of Hair.” It gives people who are persistent, striving for
wealth, and often achieving it. Yet they often still feel
“deprived.” Many of them love water (water sports,
swimming).
6. ARDRA (Ardra, from Sanskrit “soft, gentle”): 6 40′ – 20 00′
Gemini. The star Betelgeuse. In Arabic – Hama, after the name of the
stars Lambda and Xi Geminorum (“Mutually Loving”). It signifies dishonesty,
ingratitude, and sometimes immorality. Such people are generally
great egoists.
Betelgeuse (from Arabic Yad al-Jauza, “Hand of Orion,” Latin
Betelgeuse, “Dexter Humerus Orionis”: the Arabs called Orion “the Giant,” considering him
equal in strength to two mortals): the star Alpha Orionis. 1988:
29 10′ Gemini.
7. Punarvasa (Punarvasa, Sanskrit “repeated”?): 20°00′ Gemini
— 3°20′ Cancer. Name of the star Pollux. In Arabic, the stars Alpha and Beta
Gemini (Castor and Pollux) were called “The Elbow.” It gives the native
under it good manners, tactfulness, but also a tendency to drinking and
chronic illnesses.
Pollux: the star Beta Geminorum, “Head of the Second
Twin” (Caput Gemelli sequentis), in Ptolemy — Heracles. 1988: 23°10′
Cancer.
8. PUSHA (Pushya, from Sanskrit Pushan — Vedic deity
of prosperity): 3°20′ Cancer — 16°40′ Cancer. Delta Cancri. In European
astronomy, Gamma and Delta Cancri border the star cluster Praesepe and
are called “The Asses” (Aselli); in Arabic, the stars Gamma, Delta and
Epsilon Cancri form a lunar station called “The Scattered.” People
born under this nakshatra often indeed achieve wealth and fame. By
profession, these are often lawyers, judges, and legal scholars in general.
Praesepe (Latin Praesepe — “manger, crib,” also Aselli — “The Asses”):
a star cluster in the constellation Cancer. The ancients saw in it “a
manger and two donkeys,” hence the name. The stars Gamma and Delta
Cancri are called the Northern and Southern Asses (Asellus borealis et
australis). The star Southern Ass (Asellus australis) is located at
about 8°35′ Leo (1988).
9. ASHLESHA (Ashlesha, Sanskrit “embrace”): 16°40′ Cancer — 0°00′ Leo.
Ashlesha (Sanskrit “embrace”): the Indian name of the star Alfard. In
Arabic, this lunar station is called “The Eye of the Lion” and also
includes the stars Eta Cancri and Lambda Leonis. It signifies an
educated person with a sense of humor, but often prone to deception and
ingratitude.
The Moon in the 1st navamsa of Ashlesha (16°40′ — 20° Cancer) in an
overall unfavorable horoscope may indicate a threat to the life of the
native or their parents.
Alfard (Arabic “the solitary one,” Alphard): Alpha Hydrae, Lucida
Hydrae. 1988: 27°07′ Leo.
10. MAKHA (Makha, Sanskrit “generous”): 0°00′ Leo — 13°20′ Leo.
The star Regulus. In Arabic, this same station is called “The Forehead
of the Lion,” and the star itself is “The Heart of the Lion” or “The
Royal Star.” It grants wealth, a captivating character, and often sincere
faith in God. Such a person often travels extensively, both near and
far. They love and have a refined understanding of scents and flowers.
The Moon in the 1st navamsa of Makha (0° — 3°20′ Leo) in an overall
unfavorable horoscope may indicate a threat to the life of the native
or their parents.
Regulus (Latin Regulus, “regal”): the star Alpha Leonis, also Cor
Leonis. 1988: 0°10′ Virgo.
11. PURVA PHALGUNI (Phalgony, from Sanskrit “red”):
13°20′ — 26°40′ Leo. The star Delta Leonis (“The Spine of the Lion,”
Zosma, see). A person born under it is usually ambitious, striving for a
high position or to establish their business on a grand scale; usually
they succeed. At the same time, they do not scorn money, resorting tobribery, flattery, and outright deception.
Zosma (from Arabic Zu-Samma, “bearing the heavens”?): the star
Delta Leonis. 1988: 11°25′ Virgo. In Arabic, Delta and Eta Leonis
form “The Beam.”
12. UTTARA PHALGUNI — Denebola, 26°40′ Leo — 10°00′ Virgo. In
Arabic — “The Turning Point.” Those born under it are distinguished by
integrity and great intelligence; they tend to always speak their mind,
which often earns them enemies. Their appetite is usually poor.
Denebola: the star Beta Leonis, “The Tail of the Lion” (Cauda
Leonis). 1988: 21°31′ Virgo.
13. HASTA (Hasta, Sanskrit “hand, elbow”): 10°00′ Virgo — 23°30′ Virgo.
The Indian name of the star Algorab. In Arabic — “The Hot,” referring to
the four stars on the chest and wings of Virgo, curved like the Arabic
letter “lam.” The Arabs considered them dogs chasing the Lion. It gives
worthy, educated people who in the second half of life achieve wealth
and prosperity. In some cases, with especially unfavorable aspects,
it may indicate criminals.
Algorab: the star Delta Corvi. 1988: 13°45′ Libra.
14. CHITRA (Chitra, Sanskrit “bright,” cf. chitra-bhanu — “radiant,”
an epithet of the god Agni): 23°30′ Virgo — 6°40′ Libra. Spica. In Arabic
this station is called Simak. Those born under it usually have beautiful
eyes and figure, a kind and pleasant character, though scientific
abilities and other talents are rarely found in them. Moreover, they may
be stingy.
Spica (Latin spica, “ear of grain”): the star Alpha Virginis, Azimech,
Arabic Sumbula (“Ear of grain,” originally “Simak” unarmed). 1988:
23°40′ Libra.
15. SWATI (Swati, Sanskrit “Lady”): 6°40′ Libra — 20°00′ Libra.
Arcturus. Symbol of the World Mother (E. Rees). In Arabic — Al
Za’visa (from two little stars “on the hem of the Virgin’s dress”).
Arcturus (Greek arktouros — “guardian of the bears”): Alpha Boötis.
1988: 24°05′ Libra.
16. VISHAKHA (Vishakha, Sanskrit “branched”): 20°00′
Libra — 3°20′ Scorpio. The star Zuben Elgenubi. In Arabic — Al
Kiffah, the 16th station. It signifies law-abidingness, fear of
responsibility, and often also jealousy and stinginess. Such people may
preach high truths and appeal to morality, yet repeatedly meddle in
other people’s affairs.
Zuben Elgenubi (Zuban El-Genubi, Arabic “the southern claw of
the Scorpion”): Alpha Librae. 1988: 14°25′ Scorpio.
17. ANURADHA (Anuradha, Sanskrit “unsuccessful”): 3°20′ — 16°40′
Scorpio. The Indian name of the star Delta Scorpii (Jabbah, 1988:
0°00′ Sagittarius). In Arabic — “The Crown”: three bright stars “on the
forehead” of the Scorpion. It signifies wealth or influence, pleasant
appearance, distant travels, possibly life in foreign lands. A great
interest in the opposite sex.
18. JYESHTHA (Jyeshtha, from Sanskrit “elder brother”): 16°40′
Scorpio — 0°00′ Sagittarius. The Indian name of the star Antares. In
Arabic — “The Heart” (i.e., “The Heart of the Scorpion”). Those born
under this nakshatra are distinguished by sharpness, even rudeness of
character, which complicates success in life. They are hot-tempered and
irascible, so they have few friends. However, they do not grieve in
misfortune.
The Moon in the 1st navamsa of Jyeshtha (16°40′ — 20° Scorpio)
indicates danger for the elder brother of the native; in the 2nd navamsa
(20° — 23°20′ Scorpio) — for the younger brother.
In the 4th navamsa (26°40′ — 30° Scorpio) in an overall unfavorable
horoscope, it may indicate a threat to the life of the native or their
parents.
Antares (from Greek Anti Ares, “in place of Mars”): Alpha Scorpii,
Cor Scorpii — “The Heart of the Scorpion.” 1988: 9°04′ Sagittarius.
19. MULA (Mula, Sanskrit “root, foundation”): 0°00′ — 13°20′ Sagittarius.
Lambda Scorpii, and also the 19th nakshatra (see). In Arabic — “The
Needle” (Lambda and Upsilon Scorpii), “The Sting at the End of the
Tail of the Scorpion.” Persons born under it are usually wealthy, and
often inherit their wealth. They are proud and calm. They do not get
along with relatives. They may be rude in relationships with people
they consider “beneath them.”
The Moon in the 1st navamsa of Mula (0° — 3°20′ Sagittarius) in an
overall unfavorable horoscope may indicate a threat to the life of the
native or their parents.
20. PURVA ASHADHA (Ashadha): 13°20′ — 26°40′ Sagittarius.
Named after the star Kaus Medius, Delta Sagittarii. 1988: 0°00′
Capricorn. In Arabic — “four stars forming a square on the bow of
the Archer, his arrow and the leg of his horse. The Arabs considered
them similar to ostriches crossing a river, i.e., the Milky Way” (Alpha,
Delta, Epsilon, Eta, and four others — Zeta, Sigma, Tau, Psi
Sagittarii). It signifies a pleasant appearance, kindness, and respectful
attitude toward women. Such a person tenderly loves their mother, and
then their wife. They are kind and hospitable, hence they have many
friends.
21. Dvitiya (Uttara) Ashadha, 26°40′ Sagittarius – 10°00′ Capricorn, carries
the name of the star Sigma Sagittarii (Nunki, 1988: 12°00′ Capricorn). In Arabic,
it is called Al Fargh (“between the eyebrows”: a region of the sky behind Sagittarius
without stars, near Pi Scorpii). It gives a person great physical strength, a calm
nature, and a tendency to lead a healthy lifestyle. He is respectful to his parents,
reliable in friendship and business, and loved by those around him.
*** Avyay, Avidha: the “inserted” (22nd) nakshatra in the transition
from the 27 nakshatra system to the 28 nakshatra system (0°00′ – 12°55′
Capricorn). After it, the numbering of the remaining nakshatras is shifted
by one. Al-Biruni calls it the Fortune of the Slaughterer: “it
consists of two faint stars… in the horn of Capricorn (Alpha and Beta)
Capricorni). Near them is a third star, which the Arabs consider
a sheep to be slaughtered” (Dabih).
22. Shravana (Shravana): 10°00′ – 23°20′ Capricorn. The star Altair. In
Arabic, it is called Sa’d al-Dhabih, the two stars on the right hand of Aquarius.
Between them is a third star, “the Swallowed.” It gives educated people,
often scholars, who achieve wide popularity. They carefully monitor
their speech, manners, and appearance and enjoy success with the opposite
sex.
Altair (Altair, Atair): Alpha Aquilae, in Arabic “the Flying Eagle,”
1988: 1°40′ Aquarius.
23. Dhanistha, Dhanishtha (Dhanistha, from Sanskrit dhanistha – “wealthy”):
23°20′ Capricorn – 6°40′ Aquarius. The Indian name of the star Beta
Delphini (Rotanev, 1988: 16°48′ Aquarius). In Arabic, it is called Sa’d al-Sa’ad.
It gives courage, nobility, a love for beauty, especially music.
24. Shatha Bhishag (Satha Bhishag, from Sanskrit bheshaj – “healing”): 6
°40′ – 20°00′ Aquarius. Lambda Aquarii. In Arabic, it is called Sa’d al-Akhbiya,
the four stars on the right hand of Aquarius. People born under this nakshatra
are distinguished by honesty, integrity, and straightforwardness; such people usually
say what they think, for which they often suffer.
25. Poorva (Purva) Bhadrapada (from Sanskrit bhadra – “auspicious” and pada –
“step, path”): 20°00′ Aquarius – 3°20′ Pisces. It is named after the star
Markab. In Arabic, it is called the First Neck (Markabta Sheat). It gives literary
talents, as well as a tendency to sorrow and melancholy; jealousy
and general suffering due to the opposite sex are possible.
Markab (Markab): the star Alpha Pegasi. 1988: 23°25′ Pisces.
Sheat: the star Beta Pegasi, Sheat Alpheratz, Crus Equi Majoris
(“the Shank of the Great Horse”). 1988: 28°58′ Pisces.
26. Uttara Bhadrapada, 3°20′ – 6°40′ Pisces. It carries the name of the star
Algenib. In Arabic, it is called the Second Neck. It signifies a person who iseasygoing, perceptive – he learns quickly but forgets just as fast,
talks a lot, and cannot keep promises, though he always finds excuses for himself.
He often has many children.
Algenib, Algenib (Arabic “going aside,” “separated,”
Latin Algenib): Gamma Pegasi. 1988: 9°30′ Aries.
27. Revati (Revati): 16°40′ Pisces – 0°00′ Aries. In Indian mythology –
the daughter of King Raivata, wife of Balarama. In astrology, it is the star Zeta Piscium. In
Arabic, it is called Batn al-Hut (they associate this nakshatra with the star Beta)
Andromedae). It gives a good physique, a pleasant appearance,
modesty, and love for the opposite sex. Such a person is tactful and does not
impose their opinions on others.
Het Monster. Indian Astrology.
Appendix 2.
Lunar Transits
Lunar transits are used in Indian astrology for
predictions. The position of the Moon (for example, 4°42′ Aquarius)
is taken as the cusp of the first house, the starting point (lunar
Ascendant, Chandra Lagna). Then, the cusp of the second house will be
at the same degrees and minutes in the next sign, and so on.
Depending on which lunar mansion of the natal
cosmogram the current planet falls into, various events occur in a person’s life. For
predictions, only the classical planets are used (excluding trans-Saturnian planets,
as well as Rahu and Ketu). A planet acts in a given house only when it reaches its
“working zone” (e.g., 10°–20° of the house) – these zones are indicated after
the planet’s name. The so-called “fractional houses” (vedhas) are also listed –
indications of which house should not be occupied by planets for
the house of interest to function. For example, “vedha 4/6” means:
“The fourth house functions when the sixth house is empty.” A planet
whose presence in the vedha can be ignored is indicated in parentheses. If no vedha
is specified, the prediction is categorical.
Slow planets (Saturn, Jupiter) allow for a characterization of
long periods of time (from a year to several years), while fast
planets refine it by months, weeks, and even days.
For each house, two, three, or more predictions are given; they do
not all have to manifest simultaneously. Usually, a person more or less
consciously chooses one of the presented possibilities. Two or more
possibilities manifest simultaneously only if the person themselves
desires it – or, conversely, leaves the choice to fate. Sometimes
this depends on the general (favorable or unfavorable) nature
of their horoscope.
Predictions formulated for each planet are necessarily
quite general in nature; they should be modified based on the overall
character of the horoscope, age, gender, and social status
of the person being analyzed, as well as predictions regarding other planets.
Moon
Working zone: 0°–30° of the house
Vedhas: 1/5, 3/9, 4/6, 5/10, 6/12, 7/2, 8/2, 9/6, 10/4, 11/8, 12/10
(except Mercury)
I Good food and sleep, acquisitions, purchases
II Traffic jams, insults, increased expenses
III Success, acquisitions, good health
IV Anxiety, dangers, unfavorable travels
V Illness, plan failures, sorrow
VI Domestic happiness, acquisitions, good health
VII Gains, pleasures
VIII Illness, quarrels, loss of sleep, loss of money
IX Threat from enemies, bad mood
X Monetary gain, success, favorable for travel
XI Arrival of relatives, a letter or conversation with them
XII Large expenses, bad mood
MERCURY
Working zone: 0°–30° of the house
Vedhas: 2/5, 3/4, 4/3, 6/9, 7/12, 8/1, 9/6, 10/7, 11/12, 12/10
I Failures in studies, dissatisfaction of relatives, reckless speech
II Acquisitions, income from lectures or printed works
III Dissatisfaction with authorities, intrigues of enemies
IV Gains, pleasures, domestic happiness
V Quarrels at home, mental confusion, sorrow
VI Success, money, income from lectures or printed works
VII Exhaustion of strength, quarrels, especially with loved ones
VIII Success, luck, pleasure
IX Poor health, disagreements with relatives
X Domestic happiness, acquisitions
XI Good health, increased income
XII Humiliation, quarrels, illness
VENUS
Working zone: 10°–20° of the house
Vedhas: 1/8, 2/7, 3/1, 4/10, 5/9, 6/7, 7/11, 8/5, 9/11, 10/6, 11/6, 12/4
I Good food, good sleep, general pleasure
II Domestic happiness, creative inspiration, honors, success
III Good health, promotion, income
IV Home decoration, entertainment, travel for rest
V Well-being of children, happiness of parents
VI Illness of a woman in the family, troubles, humiliation
VII Domestic quarrels, arguments with women
VIII Sex, pleasure, acquisitions
IX Love, charity
X Business failure, humiliation, conflicts
XI Acquisitions, domestic happiness
XII Complete confusion
SUN
Working zone: 0°–10° of the house
Vedhas: 3/9, 4/6, 5/10, 6/12, 8/2, 9/6, 10/4, 11/5, 12/10
(except Saturn)
I Relocation, change of place, illness, financial difficulties
II Decrease in income, expenses, lies, eye or head diseases
III Good health, promotion, profit
IV poor health, difficulties at work, troubles at home
V anxiety, worries, poor health
VI success in affairs, income, good health
VII illnesses, travels, financial difficulties
VIII accident, quarrel, abdominal disease
IX failure, plans collapsing, indisposition
X success, friendship with high-ranking officials
XI acquisitions, honors, good health
XII plans collapsing, empty worries, futile travels
MARS
zone of influence: 0–10° of a house
beneficial aspects: 3/12, 5/7, 6/9, 9/2, 11/5, 12/8
I travel — or intrigues of enemies, troubles
II quarrels, failures, dissatisfaction from superiors
III success, favor from high-ranking persons
IV undesirable events, wounds, surgery
V poor health, troubles from children
VI success, acquisitions
VII quarrel at home, loss of money, illness
VIII travel — or humiliation, wounds
IX troubles or stagnation in affairs, poor health
X gain, promotion, success in affairs
XI well-being, success, success in all areas
XII illness, quarrel, major expenses
JUPITER
zone of influence: 10–20° of a house
beneficial aspects: 2/12, 3/2, 4/8, 5/4, 7/3, 9/10, 10/6, 11/8, 12/10
I change of job, residence, change of partner
II acquisitions, success in affairs, domestic happiness
III danger
IV major expenses, death of a relative, marriage/divorce
V honors, advancement, acquisitions
VI loss of money, change of job, change of apartment, poor health
VII success in affairs, poor health, grief from wife and children
VIII tragedy at home, imprisonment, travels; childbirth
IX acquisitions in friendship, promotion, career success
X humiliation, loss of money, failure in affairs
XI promotion, acquisitions, fulfillment of hopes
XII travel, separation, expenses; childbirth
SATURN
zone of influence: 25–30° of a house
beneficial aspects: 3/12, 6/9, 11/5, 5/7, 9/2, 12/10
I grief from wife and children, threats, quarrels
II weak health, loss of money, travels
III success, acquisitions, happy events
IV loss of money, sorrow from relatives
V loss of money, illness, quarrel
VI acquisitions, success in affairs, victory over opponents
VII travels, separation from loved ones, expenses
VIII death of a close person, public disapproval, childbirth
IX decline in income
X illness, humiliation, travels
XI acquisitions, income, rewards
XII incident, sorrow, expenses
